Stainless steels for corrosive environments
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The Core range austenitics are highly formable and weldable, which make them suitable for everything from cutlery to storage tanks. In addition, ferritic stainless steels have a good formability and are widely used by appliance makers.
Our Core range austenitic stainless steels can be readily formed by all cold forming methods and share common forming properties, such as excellent stretch formability, a high work-hardening rate as well as an average strain ratio r of approximately 1.
Core range ferritic stainless steel forming properties are similar to those of low alloyed carbon steels. Their deep drawability is comparable to that of deep drawing quality carbon steels.
A wide variety of surface finishes are available for Core range products. Many are produced at the mill, and other surface finishes can be applied later during processing either at a service center or after fabrication.
Due to their high toughness and work hardening behavior, austenitic steels are more difficult to machine than carbon steels but are still comparatively easy to machine compared to more highly alloyed stainless-steel grades. They require higher cutting forces than carbon steels, show resistance to chip breaking, and have a high tendency to built-up edge formation. The best machining results are obtained by using high-power equipment, sharp tooling, and a rigid set-up.
Low interstitial levels and added stabilizers have made enormous improvements to the welding characteristics of ferritic stainless steels. In addition, due to their lower thermal expansion and higher thermal conductivity, distortion and buckling is much lower during welding compared to austenitic or duplex stainless steels.
Core 304/4301 is a classic 18% chromium, 8% nickel austenitic stainless steel. It’s an all-purpose product with good corrosion resistance and is suitable for a wide variety of applications that require good formability and weldability. Core 304/4301 can be delivered with a variety of surface finishes.
EN 1.4301
ASTM type 304
ASTM UNS S30400
Microstructure Austenitic
Typical applications
Product forms
Datasheet
Typical chemical composition, % by mass
C 0.04
Cr 18.1
Ni 8.1
Mo -
N -
Others -
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Core 304L/4307 is a low-carbon alternative to Core 304/4301. The lower carbon content minimizes carbide precipitation as a result of heat input, for example during welding, giving improved resistance against intergranular corrosion. Core 304L/4307 is suitable for a wide variety of applications that require good formability and weldability, and can be delivered with a variety of surface finishes.
EN 1.4307
ASTM type 304L
ASTM UNS S30403
Microstructure Austenitic
Typical applications
Product forms
Datasheet
Typical chemical composition,% by mass
C 0.02
Cr 18.1
Ni 8.1
Mo -
N -
Others -
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A low-carbon, higher nickel and nitrogen alloyed alternative to Core 304L/4307 with improved strength and low-temperature toughness. Suitable for applications that require high tensile strength.
EN 1.4311
ASTM type 304L
ASTM UNS S30453
Microstructure Austenitic
Typical applications
Product forms
Datasheet
Typical chemical composition, % by mass
C 0.02
Cr 18.5
Ni 9.2
Mo -
N 0.14
Others -
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A higher nickel alternative to Core 304L/4307 with improved formability and deep drawability.
EN 1.4306
ASTM type 304L
ASTM UNS S30403
Microstructure Austenitic
Typical applications
Product forms
Datasheet
Typical chemical composition, % by mass
C 0.02
Cr 18.2
Ni 10.1
Mo -
N -
Others -
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A high-nickel alternative to Core 304/4301 with reduced strain hardening and excellent cold-forming properties. Ideal for parts that require high degree of deformation.
EN 1.4303
ASTM type 305
ASTM UNS S30500
Microstructure Austenitic
Typical applications
Product forms
Datasheet
Typical chemical composition, % by mass
C 0.04
Cr 17.7
Ni 12.5
Mo -
N -
Others -
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A titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel with improved intergranular corrosion resistance for an extended temperature range.
EN 1.4541
ASTM type 321
ASTM UNS S32100
Microstructure Austenitic
Typical applications
Product forms
Datasheet
Typical chemical composotion, % by mass
C 0.04
Cr 17.3
Ni 9.1
Mo -
N -
Others Ti
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Core 347/4550 is a niobium stabilized alternative to Core 321/4541 with improved intergranular corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties at high temperatures. Core 347/4550 is particularly useful in applications with intermittent heating in the range 400–900 °C/750–1650 °F.
EN 1.4550
ASTM type 347
ASTM UNS S34700
Microstructure Austenitic
Typical applications
Product forms
Datasheet
Typical chemical composition, % by mass
C 0.05
Cr 17.5
Ni
9.5
Mo -
N -
Others Nb
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A low-carbon, nitrogen alloyed alternative to Core 301/4310 with elevated strength, making it particularly suitable for lightweight construction.
EN 1.4318
ASTM type 301LN
ASTM UNS S30153
Microstructure Austenitic
Typical applications
• Automotive applications, especially vehicles chassis
• Railroad cars
Product forms
Datasheet
Typical chemical composition, % by mass
C 0.02
Cr 17.7
Ni 6.5
Mo -
N 0.14
Others -
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A lower chromium and nickel alternative to Core 304/4301 with high work hardening capacity, this is a good choice for applications subjected to high mechanical loading
EN 1.4310
ASTM type 301
ASTM UNS S30100
Microstructure Austenitic
Typical applications
Product forms
Datasheet
Typical chemical composition, by mass %
C 0.10
Cr 17.0
Ni 7.0
Mo -
N -
Others -
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This low-nickel stainless steel has properties approaching Core 301/4310 but with a higher work hardening coefficient. Grade is available from Outokumpu Americas.
EN 1.4372
ASTM type 201
ASTM UNS S20100
Microstructure Austenitic
Typical applications
Product forms
Datasheet
Typical chemical composition, % by mass
C 0.05
Cr 16.1
Ni 3.6
Mo -
N 0.08
Others 7Mn
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This low-nickel stainless steel also has properties approaching Core 301/4310, but has a higher strength than Core 201/4372. It hardens more quickly due to its higher work hardening coefficient. Grade is available from Outokumpu Americas.
EN 1.4372
ASTM type 201LN
ASTM UNS S20153
Microstructure Austenitic
Typical applications
Product forms
Datasheet
Typical chemical composition, % by mass
C 0.03
Cr 16.2
Ni 4.0
Mo -
N 0.20
Others Cu, 6.5Mn
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A nickel-free 17% chromium ferritic stainless steel grade with good corrosion resistance and high-temperature strength was originally designed for exhaust systems. Core 441/4509 is available with single (niobium) or dual (niobium and titanium) stabilization. Due to good formability and weldability it is often a suitable replacement for Core 301/4310.
EN
1.4509
ASTM type -
ASTM UNS S43940
Microstructure Ferritic
Usage
Product forms
Datasheet
Typical chemical composition, % by mass
C 0.02
Cr 17.6
Ni -
Mo -
N
-
Others Nb, Ti
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A nickel-free, high-chromium (21Cr) ferritic stainless steel with equal corrosion resistance to Core 304/4301. Core 4622 has excellent deep drawability and is almost ridging free, meaning it is easier to polish and has a lower overall production cost.
EN 1.4622
ASTM type -
ASTM UNS S44330
Microstructure Ferritic
Typical applications
Datasheet
Typical chemical composition, % by mass
C 0.02
Cr 21.0
Ni -
Mo -
N -
Others Nb,Ti,Cu
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A molybdenum-alloyed ferritic stainless steel that offers improved corrosion resistance. This grade is available from Outokumpu Americas.
EN 1.4113
ASTM type 434
ASTM UNS S43400
Microstructure Ferritic
Typical applications
Product forms
Datasheet
Typical chemical composition, % by mass
C 0.04
Cr 16.5
Ni -
Mo 1.0
N -
Others -
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EN ISO 18286 Hot-rolled stainless steel plates – Tolerances on dimensions and shape
EN 10051 Hot-rolled steel strip.
EN 10088-1 Stainless steels – list of stainless steels
ISO 15510 Stainless steels – chemical composition
EN ISO 9445 Cold-rolled stainless narrow strip, wide strip, plate/sheet and cut lengths.
ASTM A 480 General requirements for flat-rolled stainless and heat resisting steel
ASTM A 959 Harmonized standard grade compositions for wrought stainless steels
ASME IID Materials – Physical properties tables
The most commonly used international product standards are given here. For a list of standards by product, go to Stainless Steel Finder.
EN 10028-7 Flat products for pressure purposes – Stainless steels
EN 10088-2 Stainless steels – sheet/plate and strip for general purposes
EN 10088-3 Stainless steels – semi-finished products, bars, rods sections for general purposes
EN 10088-4 Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip
EN 10095 Heat resisting steels and nickel alloys
EN 10151 Stainless steel strip for springs
EN 10217-7 Welded steel tubes for pressure purposes – Stainless steel tubes
EN 10296-2 Welded circular steel tubes for mechanical and general engineering purposes – Stainless Steel tubes
EN 10302 Creep resisting steels, nickel and cobalt alloys
ASTM A 167 Stainless and heat-resisting Cr-Ni steel plate, sheet, and strip
ASTM A 176 Stainless and heat-resisting Cr steel plate, sheet, and strip
ASTM A182/ ASME SA-182 Stainless steel and heat resisting steel bars and shapes
ASTM A 240 Cr and Cr-Ni stainless steel plate, sheet and strip for pressure vessels
ASTM A276 Stainless steel and heat-resisting steel rod and wire for cold heading and forging
ASTM A479/ ASME SA-479 General requirements for stainless and heat resistant steel wire and wire rod
ASTM A 666 Austenitic stainless steel sheet, strip, plate, bar for structural and architectural applications
ASME IIA Materials. Part A – Ferrous Material Specifications
Eurocode 3 / EN 1993-1-4 Design of steel structures – Part 1-4: General rules – Supplementary rules for stainless steels
The most commonly used international product standards are given here. For a list of standards by product, go to Stainless Steel Finder.
Outokumpu meets the most common certifications and approvals, including:
The most commonly used international product standards are given here. For a list of standards by product, go to Stainless Steel Finder.
